Page 32 - DIALOGUE FOR DEVELOPMENT №2
P. 32
creation and expansion of businesses - all contribute to the restrained demand from
the market agents of agricultural products. Addressing these issues will require a shift in
priorities in the development of the sector and a greater focus on private sector
development. Measures to improve the commercialization of agriculture should be an
integral part of the system of new priorities.
Today among global challenges there is particularly worth threat of global food
security, when the problem of providing the population with the food sharply escalated
due to the high growth rates of the world's population. Already today, in the world millions
of people are starving, and nearly a billion people - are experiencing a constant shortage
of food. However, this call has a tremendous opportunity for growth of our economy. We
can produce environmentally friendly food. For this purpose, of course large-scale
reforms of agriculture are necessary. First of all, it is necessary to finish land and water
reforms in the country, to do the work on the land profitable for dekhkans (farmers), to
help them to define on what mass production of products to stake, in order to win large
markets including the export markets. It is necessary to provide conditions for the
development of farming and agricultural processing business and trade through the
development and implementation of legislative and economic incentives for the creation
of medium and large-scale agricultural production, focused on the use of new agricultural
technologies, due to which it will be possible to provide a significant rise in yields. Perhaps
the appropriate step would be the introduction of higher tax rates for agricultural land that
is not being developed for a certain period after their submission, or used inefficiently or
inappropriately.
Also, one of the most important problems of modern economy of Tajikistan is to
ensure national food security, which is an integral part of national and economic security.
This is primarily the development of strategies to protect the public interest, including: the
maintenance of social stability, the satisfaction of primary human needs – food;
elimination of dependence on imports of food, which requires the development of
domestic production of food products; the development of a balanced structure of exports
and imports and the creation of reserve stocks to stabilize food security and etc.
In Tajikistan, the consumption of food per capita in almost all types of products is
lower than normal. According to WHO standards, the results of the prevalence of acute
malnutrition and chronic malnutrition are assessed as unfavorable.
According to official figures there was a sharp decline in food consumption per
capita per year, compared with the Soviet period, particularly for the consumption of meat
and meat products, also milk and dairy products - in 6-7 times. According to classifications
of FAO and the World Food Programme, Tajikistan is included into group of risk on food
supply as the country having chronic deficiency of the food.
Currently, the food market of Tajikistan provides mainly the physical availability of
food of plant origin, and it is not full of need. Food Balance (i.e. the balance of basic
foodstuffs) shows that a significant portion of the country's food supply is met by imports.
However, the high share of imports does not necessarily mean trouble for public supply.
From an economic point of view, if the import costs cheaper than domestic production -
especially if freed domestic resources are used for more profitable purpose - it is better
the market agents of agricultural products. Addressing these issues will require a shift in
priorities in the development of the sector and a greater focus on private sector
development. Measures to improve the commercialization of agriculture should be an
integral part of the system of new priorities.
Today among global challenges there is particularly worth threat of global food
security, when the problem of providing the population with the food sharply escalated
due to the high growth rates of the world's population. Already today, in the world millions
of people are starving, and nearly a billion people - are experiencing a constant shortage
of food. However, this call has a tremendous opportunity for growth of our economy. We
can produce environmentally friendly food. For this purpose, of course large-scale
reforms of agriculture are necessary. First of all, it is necessary to finish land and water
reforms in the country, to do the work on the land profitable for dekhkans (farmers), to
help them to define on what mass production of products to stake, in order to win large
markets including the export markets. It is necessary to provide conditions for the
development of farming and agricultural processing business and trade through the
development and implementation of legislative and economic incentives for the creation
of medium and large-scale agricultural production, focused on the use of new agricultural
technologies, due to which it will be possible to provide a significant rise in yields. Perhaps
the appropriate step would be the introduction of higher tax rates for agricultural land that
is not being developed for a certain period after their submission, or used inefficiently or
inappropriately.
Also, one of the most important problems of modern economy of Tajikistan is to
ensure national food security, which is an integral part of national and economic security.
This is primarily the development of strategies to protect the public interest, including: the
maintenance of social stability, the satisfaction of primary human needs – food;
elimination of dependence on imports of food, which requires the development of
domestic production of food products; the development of a balanced structure of exports
and imports and the creation of reserve stocks to stabilize food security and etc.
In Tajikistan, the consumption of food per capita in almost all types of products is
lower than normal. According to WHO standards, the results of the prevalence of acute
malnutrition and chronic malnutrition are assessed as unfavorable.
According to official figures there was a sharp decline in food consumption per
capita per year, compared with the Soviet period, particularly for the consumption of meat
and meat products, also milk and dairy products - in 6-7 times. According to classifications
of FAO and the World Food Programme, Tajikistan is included into group of risk on food
supply as the country having chronic deficiency of the food.
Currently, the food market of Tajikistan provides mainly the physical availability of
food of plant origin, and it is not full of need. Food Balance (i.e. the balance of basic
foodstuffs) shows that a significant portion of the country's food supply is met by imports.
However, the high share of imports does not necessarily mean trouble for public supply.
From an economic point of view, if the import costs cheaper than domestic production -
especially if freed domestic resources are used for more profitable purpose - it is better
