Page 34 - DIALOGUE FOR DEVELOPMENT №2
P. 34
At a market method of managing, the cost of water plays an important role. In the
conditions of water deficiency of resources and the set limit on water, is required to
implement a set of water-saving measures such as: rational use of irrigation water by
improving the principles of soil-reclamation and hydromodule zoning, development and
implementation of the scientifically based modes of an irrigation and establishment of
water consumption of crops, the application of advanced water-saving irrigation
technologies, improvement of a meliorative condition of lands, and also development and
implementation of new, innovative ways of equipment and irrigation technology, and their
optimization that enhance productivity, increase yields from irrigated hectares and
introduction into circulation of new irrigated lands has a great scientific and practical
importance.
Tajik Agricultural University in Soviet times trained experts for collective and state
farms on 8 primary branches, and it still continues. Currently, there are more than 30
thousand agricultural enterprises of different forms of management, and such specialists
are demanded not in all of them. But there is a huge need for farmers, which now nobody
trains systematically. It is obvious that is necessary to introduce major changes to the
system of agricultural education: first, in training specialists who dire needed today;
secondly, in the creation of extension-specific services to farmers. Extension services (or
Extension) – is a set of knowledge and functions of information support for the rural
population and producers. Extension also plays an important role in promoting research
institutions in the development of technologies appropriate to agri-environmental and
resource conditions of the farmers. Thus, extension service has a dual function in the
recovery of blocked links between scientists and farmers, it contributes both to the
adoption of technologies and adapt them to local conditions. The first includes the transfer
of information from baggage of knowledge and research of the new farmers, and the
second - to assist in terms of problems and constraints faced by farmers, for the research
systems. Now around the world, at least, 800 000 extension-specialists work, and about
80% of world extension services are financed by the state.
In recent years, the only players on the market of Extension services in Tajikistan
were NGOs, financed by various donors. Such intermediary actions allowed to provide a
number of important extension services to farmers. Unfortunately, their efforts are not
connected and are not coordinated with each other, and their range is limited and often
is not supported by solid technical base.
Also, there is an urgent need to find new ways of development of scientific
institutions in the field of agriculture. Perhaps at this point it would be appropriate to split
the existing scientific research institutions into two components. The first would continue
to conduct academic research on the development of new agricultural technologies,
development of new varieties of plants, new breeds of animals, etc. The other part would
go to the newly organized consulting group, which should provide farmers in the field with
extension services (consulting and training for farmers on new technologies and know-
how). This form of organization of science would help science to come to the farmer, and
scientists will have feedback with those who need them to research and sensitively
respons to the needs of production.
Recommendations:
conditions of water deficiency of resources and the set limit on water, is required to
implement a set of water-saving measures such as: rational use of irrigation water by
improving the principles of soil-reclamation and hydromodule zoning, development and
implementation of the scientifically based modes of an irrigation and establishment of
water consumption of crops, the application of advanced water-saving irrigation
technologies, improvement of a meliorative condition of lands, and also development and
implementation of new, innovative ways of equipment and irrigation technology, and their
optimization that enhance productivity, increase yields from irrigated hectares and
introduction into circulation of new irrigated lands has a great scientific and practical
importance.
Tajik Agricultural University in Soviet times trained experts for collective and state
farms on 8 primary branches, and it still continues. Currently, there are more than 30
thousand agricultural enterprises of different forms of management, and such specialists
are demanded not in all of them. But there is a huge need for farmers, which now nobody
trains systematically. It is obvious that is necessary to introduce major changes to the
system of agricultural education: first, in training specialists who dire needed today;
secondly, in the creation of extension-specific services to farmers. Extension services (or
Extension) – is a set of knowledge and functions of information support for the rural
population and producers. Extension also plays an important role in promoting research
institutions in the development of technologies appropriate to agri-environmental and
resource conditions of the farmers. Thus, extension service has a dual function in the
recovery of blocked links between scientists and farmers, it contributes both to the
adoption of technologies and adapt them to local conditions. The first includes the transfer
of information from baggage of knowledge and research of the new farmers, and the
second - to assist in terms of problems and constraints faced by farmers, for the research
systems. Now around the world, at least, 800 000 extension-specialists work, and about
80% of world extension services are financed by the state.
In recent years, the only players on the market of Extension services in Tajikistan
were NGOs, financed by various donors. Such intermediary actions allowed to provide a
number of important extension services to farmers. Unfortunately, their efforts are not
connected and are not coordinated with each other, and their range is limited and often
is not supported by solid technical base.
Also, there is an urgent need to find new ways of development of scientific
institutions in the field of agriculture. Perhaps at this point it would be appropriate to split
the existing scientific research institutions into two components. The first would continue
to conduct academic research on the development of new agricultural technologies,
development of new varieties of plants, new breeds of animals, etc. The other part would
go to the newly organized consulting group, which should provide farmers in the field with
extension services (consulting and training for farmers on new technologies and know-
how). This form of organization of science would help science to come to the farmer, and
scientists will have feedback with those who need them to research and sensitively
respons to the needs of production.
Recommendations:
