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import it. However, this position assumes that there are reliable partners ready to meet
the demands for imports at reasonable prices, as well as secure storage, transport and
sale of imported food. Tajikistan now heavily dependent on the global food market.
Therefore, the jump in world prices for food can worsen the country's food security. Even
if there is sufficient food, a relatively small price rise can make them unaffordable for the
country.
The increase of the national budget, to some extent, will depend on the rate of
economic growth of the agricultural sector and the agricultural sector can not develop
without the export of manufactured products. For the development of export potential and
increase agricultural production, moreover with the highest quality, meeting international
standards and meet consumer demand for foreign-trade partners, radical changes in the
agricultural sector is required to carry out. These changes are related to the fulfillment of
a number of agreements negotiated in the World Trade Organization under the GATT-
94. In this regard, namely, solving the problems proceeding from the requirements of the
Agreement on Agriculture (AA), the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards
(SPS), the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), the Agreement on
Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and the Agreement on Import Licensing Procédures
(ILPA) can play a significant role in the development of the agricultural sector of the
Republic of Tajikistan. It can also lead to the increase in export potential and increase in
foreign exchange earnings to the state budget at the expense of trade in the international
market of goods of agricultural origin.
The primary means of food security of the population, of course, is production in
irrigated agriculture, its intensification and increasing of its efficiency. Market relations do
not allow to disregard the specificity of Tajikistan, as an extreme shortage of land and the
highest population density (500 people / km2) in areas of intensive agricultural production.
Special importance in these conditions takes on the selection of priority areas of
its specialization. The common opinion that the food situation is possible to change by
reducing cotton production can not give positive results, since even a complete
reorientation of the cotton complex to food production will not solve all the problems of
providing the population by required food. Economic return of land in this case is several
times lower than in the previous agricultural specialization, as production cost parameters
of a food complex repeatedly inferior cotton. This means that the market exchange from
a hectare of land under cotton will provide ten times more food products than its own
production on the same area of irrigated arable land.
Agrarian policy in Tajikistan should proceed from the fact that its food complex can
satisfy the needs of the population in only a few products: vegetables, potatoes and fruit,
of which only the horticulture and viticulture has prerequisites for large-scale export of
their products in the future. At the same time, agriculture in Tajikistan as a whole, with its
powerful cotton and garden and viticulture complexes and the production of other
industrial crops, is able to provide raw materials for the further development of light and
food industry with the production of final products of high market value, for which it is
possible to exchange the missing amount of grain, meat, milk, and also fertilizers and
animal feed.
the demands for imports at reasonable prices, as well as secure storage, transport and
sale of imported food. Tajikistan now heavily dependent on the global food market.
Therefore, the jump in world prices for food can worsen the country's food security. Even
if there is sufficient food, a relatively small price rise can make them unaffordable for the
country.
The increase of the national budget, to some extent, will depend on the rate of
economic growth of the agricultural sector and the agricultural sector can not develop
without the export of manufactured products. For the development of export potential and
increase agricultural production, moreover with the highest quality, meeting international
standards and meet consumer demand for foreign-trade partners, radical changes in the
agricultural sector is required to carry out. These changes are related to the fulfillment of
a number of agreements negotiated in the World Trade Organization under the GATT-
94. In this regard, namely, solving the problems proceeding from the requirements of the
Agreement on Agriculture (AA), the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards
(SPS), the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), the Agreement on
Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and the Agreement on Import Licensing Procédures
(ILPA) can play a significant role in the development of the agricultural sector of the
Republic of Tajikistan. It can also lead to the increase in export potential and increase in
foreign exchange earnings to the state budget at the expense of trade in the international
market of goods of agricultural origin.
The primary means of food security of the population, of course, is production in
irrigated agriculture, its intensification and increasing of its efficiency. Market relations do
not allow to disregard the specificity of Tajikistan, as an extreme shortage of land and the
highest population density (500 people / km2) in areas of intensive agricultural production.
Special importance in these conditions takes on the selection of priority areas of
its specialization. The common opinion that the food situation is possible to change by
reducing cotton production can not give positive results, since even a complete
reorientation of the cotton complex to food production will not solve all the problems of
providing the population by required food. Economic return of land in this case is several
times lower than in the previous agricultural specialization, as production cost parameters
of a food complex repeatedly inferior cotton. This means that the market exchange from
a hectare of land under cotton will provide ten times more food products than its own
production on the same area of irrigated arable land.
Agrarian policy in Tajikistan should proceed from the fact that its food complex can
satisfy the needs of the population in only a few products: vegetables, potatoes and fruit,
of which only the horticulture and viticulture has prerequisites for large-scale export of
their products in the future. At the same time, agriculture in Tajikistan as a whole, with its
powerful cotton and garden and viticulture complexes and the production of other
industrial crops, is able to provide raw materials for the further development of light and
food industry with the production of final products of high market value, for which it is
possible to exchange the missing amount of grain, meat, milk, and also fertilizers and
animal feed.
