Page 40 - DIALOGUE FOR DEVELOPMENT №2
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urity for old age people, such as the categories of citizens like migrant workers, have
exceptional interest and social importance.
A significant part of Tajiks who are permanently or temporarily abroad (in the Russian
Federation, Kazakhstan and other countries) do not leave with the idea of returning to
their country of origin, and are nostalgic for the motherland and are ready to help her.
According to the researches, nearly three-quarters of the representatives of the Tajik
diaspora consider by their home the Tajikistan. It creates favorable conditions for the
involvement of the diaspora in the development of the country. It is necessary to
develop special policies to attract the diaspora to the development of Tajikistan. It could
be done in various directions: first - establishing trust between the diaspora and the
Government of Tajikistan; improving the organization and communication with the
diaspora; development of financial instruments to leverage resources of the diaspora;
developing measures to encourage direct investments; changes in the tax regime; more
efficient use of the human capital of the diaspora.
Today in Tajikistan the situation, where many university graduates with diplomas of
higher education cannot find jobs after graduation. This is the case in many developing
countries, which are characterized by high levels of population growth, high
unemployment, underemployment and low absorptive capacity of the economy to re-
entering the labor force. One possible effective solution to this problem may be a so-
called "targeted education." Its essence is to create a network of training centers for
workers and specialists of technical specialties, which train specialists in order, i.e., a
specific number of sought-after experts on specific labor markets for particular countries
or specific companies. In this case, the young people instead of aimless higher
education (which is already quite expensive), with no prospect of getting a job,
purposefully come to these centers for training in the construction professions, nurses,
etc. Alternatively, they enter the computer labs in the belief that after the completion of
their studies and the acquisition of some local experiences, they will have excellent
prospects for overseas employment with good pay, providing them and their families a
good opportunity to improve their living conditions. These centers should be linked to
private employment agencies, which will assist in the employment of certified
professionals with necessary specific skills, such as basic knowledge of a foreign
language. In the medium term, given the demographic trends, Tajikistan may become a
regional center for training and supplier of skilled workers. Only this one measure can
significantly improve the levels of salaries of our workers, the demand for them, as well
as help to reduce poverty and improve the country's image. Investing in the quality of
vocational training and strengthening links to employers in destination countries can
bring big dividends in terms of improved employment prospects and increase the profit
of migrants. An effective system of vocational education in the country can also help
improve competitiveness and help migrants better promote local economic development
upon their return.
We would like to draw attention to another issue contributing to external labor migration
- the cultural and psychological problem. There are a lot of work today in Tajikistan, this
work mainly in the service sector, as well as the so-called "black work", but it exists.
Tajik migrants around the world privately admit that they have to perform different jobs,
including black and low-paid. When asked why they not did the same dirty work at
home, because there is just a lot of it, they respond that in Tajikistan to do such work
ashamed. Family, friends, acquaintances not understand. It will look in the eyes of
exceptional interest and social importance.
A significant part of Tajiks who are permanently or temporarily abroad (in the Russian
Federation, Kazakhstan and other countries) do not leave with the idea of returning to
their country of origin, and are nostalgic for the motherland and are ready to help her.
According to the researches, nearly three-quarters of the representatives of the Tajik
diaspora consider by their home the Tajikistan. It creates favorable conditions for the
involvement of the diaspora in the development of the country. It is necessary to
develop special policies to attract the diaspora to the development of Tajikistan. It could
be done in various directions: first - establishing trust between the diaspora and the
Government of Tajikistan; improving the organization and communication with the
diaspora; development of financial instruments to leverage resources of the diaspora;
developing measures to encourage direct investments; changes in the tax regime; more
efficient use of the human capital of the diaspora.
Today in Tajikistan the situation, where many university graduates with diplomas of
higher education cannot find jobs after graduation. This is the case in many developing
countries, which are characterized by high levels of population growth, high
unemployment, underemployment and low absorptive capacity of the economy to re-
entering the labor force. One possible effective solution to this problem may be a so-
called "targeted education." Its essence is to create a network of training centers for
workers and specialists of technical specialties, which train specialists in order, i.e., a
specific number of sought-after experts on specific labor markets for particular countries
or specific companies. In this case, the young people instead of aimless higher
education (which is already quite expensive), with no prospect of getting a job,
purposefully come to these centers for training in the construction professions, nurses,
etc. Alternatively, they enter the computer labs in the belief that after the completion of
their studies and the acquisition of some local experiences, they will have excellent
prospects for overseas employment with good pay, providing them and their families a
good opportunity to improve their living conditions. These centers should be linked to
private employment agencies, which will assist in the employment of certified
professionals with necessary specific skills, such as basic knowledge of a foreign
language. In the medium term, given the demographic trends, Tajikistan may become a
regional center for training and supplier of skilled workers. Only this one measure can
significantly improve the levels of salaries of our workers, the demand for them, as well
as help to reduce poverty and improve the country's image. Investing in the quality of
vocational training and strengthening links to employers in destination countries can
bring big dividends in terms of improved employment prospects and increase the profit
of migrants. An effective system of vocational education in the country can also help
improve competitiveness and help migrants better promote local economic development
upon their return.
We would like to draw attention to another issue contributing to external labor migration
- the cultural and psychological problem. There are a lot of work today in Tajikistan, this
work mainly in the service sector, as well as the so-called "black work", but it exists.
Tajik migrants around the world privately admit that they have to perform different jobs,
including black and low-paid. When asked why they not did the same dirty work at
home, because there is just a lot of it, they respond that in Tajikistan to do such work
ashamed. Family, friends, acquaintances not understand. It will look in the eyes of
